When your child has cancer, the last thing they need is another health concern on top of it. Unfortunately, they’re highly vulnerable to illness! Preventing infection in immunocompromised kids with cancer is critical, as their weakened immune systems make them susceptible to serious illness.
Children with cancer are more at risk for infection and illness primarily because their immune systems are weakened—either by the cancer itself, the treatments used to fight it, or both. Here's a breakdown of the main reasons:
So, what can you do as a parent or caregiver to protect your child throughout their cancer journey? Here are the best evidence-based ways to reduce their risk of infection:
Do you recall how frequently handwashing was emphasized during the COVID-19 pandemic? Revert to that mindset. Ensure frequent handwashing with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially before meals, after using the bathroom, after handling food, and after touching high-contact surfaces like phones, grocery carts, and money.
Use alcohol-based hand sanitizers when soap isn’t available.
Enforce handwashing rules for all family members, caregivers, and visitors—no ifs, ands, or buts!
We never know what other people are carrying, and the more people we encounter, the greater the risk. Avoid crowded places and public gatherings, especially during flu or cold seasons. Outdoor events are safer than indoor ones. Screen visitors: only allow healthy people around your child. Keep them away from anyone who has been recently ill or is showing symptoms of illness.
Lysol is about to become your best friend. Disinfect frequently touched surfaces in your home. (Think doorknobs, light switches, and phones.) Do the same for toys, electronics (such as video game controllers, keyboards, or remote controls), and other personal items.
Ensure food prep areas are sanitized. Change sheets and towels regularly.
Follow any diet guidelines provided by the medical team, which may include avoiding raw fruits and vegetables, unpasteurized dairy products, deli meats, and undercooked meats. If you’ve been pregnant, think about the guidelines you had to follow. They’re very similar!
Properly wash and cook everything. Don’t share food or utensils. Keep an eye out for any recalls or contamination warnings, especially for products such as ice cream and pre-packaged salads.
Ensure that all household members/caregivers are up to date on vaccinations, including:
Live vaccines are generally not given to immunocompromised children, but it’s best to consult with your child’s oncologist for specific guidance.
Avoid contact with litter boxes, animal feces, and sick critters. Don’t touch unfamiliar pets, wild animals, or bird feathers. Wash hands after handling pets, and don’t allow them to sleep in bed with your sick child.
Follow strict sterile techniques when cleaning and accessing any central venous lines, such as PICC or port lines. Report redness, swelling, or fever promptly. Your child should NEVER swim with a PICC line! Be mindful of any open wounds, scrapes, or cuts before they swim. Generally, swimming isn’t recommended for anyone undergoing chemotherapy.
Treat fever (100.4°F or higher) as a medical emergency. You’re not overreacting. It’s always better to be safe than sorry! Contact the care team immediately for:
Don’t hesitate to call for guidance—early intervention saves lives.